November 2026
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Honey, the Hyperscalers Ate My Laminate
As Dr. Hayao Nakahara reported in his NTI-100 rankings last month, the 10 largest fabricators are focusing primarily on creating products for data centers. Data center PCBs are monopolizing more and more of the industry’s advanced materials and components that readers like you need.
Now, Nittobo, the weaver that makes most of the world’s T-glass specialty cloth, plans to triple its capacity to meet this demand, and laminate maker Kingboard has a six-month wait time for some high-end products after raising prices eight times this year.
TPCA believes there will be a tight market for these advanced materials and memory through at least 2027. But, as Naka pointed out, some cynical analysts believe we will see overcapacity in a few years, followed by a glut.
READ FULL ARTICLE
Amphenol to Acquire AdvancedPCB
WALLINGFORD, CT – Amphenol has signed a definitive agreement to acquire AdvancedPCB, a leading US manufacturer of printed circuit boards for the defense and industrial markets.
Colorado-based AdvancedPCB is expected to have full-year 2026 sales of approximately $270 million and will be included in the company’s Harsh Environment Solutions segment post-closing. Amphenol and AdvancedPCB combined will have estimated printed circuit board sales of about $500 million.
The acquisition is expected to close in the fourth quarter, subject to customary regulatory approvals and other closing conditions. Amphenol, which is also buying Dexgreen, Empire Electronics and Humanetics Sensors, said the aggregate price paid for all the companies will be $1.6 billion.End of article content
PCB Technologies to Acquire Gorilla Circuits for $120M
SAN JOSE, CA – PCB Technologies Ltd. has signed a definitive agreement to acquire Gorilla Circuits for an enterprise value of $120 million, financed by credit facilities from two Israeli banks.

Gorilla has operated in San Jose for more than 20 years and employs more than 320 people. It provides high-mix, low-volume PCB fabrication and assembly to more than 700 active customers, mainly in semiconductor test, technology and aerospace and defense.
READ FULL ARTICLETTM Technologies Completes $1.1B Acquisition of Epiq
SANTA ANA, CA – TTM Technologies has completed its acquisition of Epiq Design Solutions LLC for $1.1 billion in cash, subject to customary closing adjustments.
Epiq supplies open-architecture, AI-enabled software-defined radios, high-performance RF products and radiation-tolerant space compute products for signals intelligence and electronic warfare. The business complements TTM’s RF and mission systems portfolio and supports its vertical integration strategy across land, air, sea and space applications in the aerospace and defense market.
Kyzen Opens Southeast Asian Headquarters in Penang
PENANG, MALAYSIA – Kyzen has opened a Southeast Asian headquarters and production facility in Penang.

The site is designed to increase production capacity, improve delivery times and expand technical support for customers in Malaysia and the wider Asia-Pacific region. It also adds administrative space and strengthens the company’s regional supply chain.
READ FULL ARTICLEToppan Opens First Overseas FC-BGA Substrate Plant
SINGAPORE – Toppan has established its first FC-BGA substrate production site outside Japan at Advanced Substrate Technologies Pte. Ltd. (AST) in Singapore, with support from the Singapore Economic Development Board and Broadcom. An opening ceremony was held on Sept. 29.
The plant has about 95,000 sq. m. of total floor area, with about 70,000 sq. m. in phase 1. It will focus on large, high-layer-count substrates for generative AI, machine learning and large-scale network switches. Operations are set to start in December, and the site had 315 employees as of the end of September.
Toppan previously concentrated FC-BGA production at its Niigata plant in Japan. The company aims to raise its FC-BGA production capacity to at least 2.5 times its fiscal 2022 level by the end of fiscal 2027.End of article content
Rapidise to Invest $22M to Quadruple Manesar Capacity
MANESAR, INDIA – Rapidise will invest about $22 million over three years to quadruple its electronics manufacturing capacity in Manesar.
The expansion adds a 120,000-sq.-ft. facility in Sector 8 to the company’s existing 40,000-sq.-ft. site in Sector 3. The plan includes 10 SMT lines along with automated manufacturing systems and digital production tools. A newly commissioned dual-lane SMT line brings total placement capacity to about 800,000 components per hour.
The company serves automotive, consumer electronics, telecom, security, networking, healthcare and agriculture customers. It plans to expand into server and AI hardware, defense and railways, and expects the expansion to create about 1,000 direct and indirect jobs during fiscal 2027.End of article content
Amazon to Invest Nearly $50M in Gold Circuit Electronics
TAIPEI, TAIWAN – Amazon.com will invest about $50 million in Taiwanese PCB manufacturer Gold Circuit Electronics through a private placement approved by the Gold Circuit board on Sept. 29.
Amazon, already a Gold Circuit customer, will buy about 1.86 million newly issued common shares at NT$856 each. Gold Circuit makes high-end multilayer PCBs for servers and counts Amazon Web Services, Microsoft and Google among its customers.
Gold Circuit’s board also approved a $7.9 billion budget for land and a new plant, to be invested in stages starting in the fourth quarter and funded by convertible bonds.End of article content
CSI Sud-Ouest Inaugurates Rebuilt Toulouse PCB Plant
TOULOUSE, FRANCE – CSI Sud-Ouest, a subsidiary of Cimulec, inaugurated its rebuilt PCB plant in Toulouse on Sept. 29, two years after an arson fire destroyed much of the site.

The July 2024 fire destroyed 2,000 sq. m. of the site along with its production equipment. Reconstruction cost €25 million ($28 million), with the French government and the Occitanie region covering about €5 million left uncovered by insurance through the France 2030 program.
Read Full ArticleWistron Approves $150M Investment in US Subsidiary
TAIPEI, TAIWAN – Wistron’s board of directors has approved an additional $150 million capital injection into its wholly owned subsidiary Wistron InfoComm (USA) Corp.
The funds will cover facility improvements, machinery and equipment at the company’s Westport (D2) plant in Texas, with capital expenditure capped at $146 million.
The board also approved up to $59.1 million for facility upgrades and equipment at Wistron InfoComm (Vietnam) to support its server business, plus a Dallas facility lease for subsidiary SMS Infocomm to support after-sales service.End of article content
ICTC Acquires Trinity Manufacturing
BROOKSVILLE, FL – Interconnect Cable Technologies Corp. has acquired Trinity Manufacturing Corp., a cable and wire harness manufacturer based in Bradenton, FL.
The acquisition expands ICTC’s domestic manufacturing footprint and US production capacity. It also strengthens its ground support wire harness and electronic box-build capabilities. ICTC is a global contract manufacturer of cable and wire harnesses, PCB assemblies and electronic box builds. Terms were not disclosed.End of article content
Draper Breaks Ground on Microelectronics Center
LOWELL, MA – Draper broke ground Oct. 6 on a 111,000-sq.-ft. building that will house its Integrated Microelectronics Production & Advanced Chip Technology (IMPACT) Center.
The center is in the Hamilton Canal Innovation District, part of the Lowell Innovation Network Corridor (LINC) linking the UMass Lowell campus with downtown. It will provide high-mix, low-volume manufacturing, including advanced chip packaging and precision navigation and timing systems.
The project is expected to create more than 100 jobs and is supported in part by state and local funding. Wexford Science & Technology is the developer.End of article content
Xi Electronics Acquires C.J. Rogers Electronics
ORANGE, CA – Xi Electronics LLC has acquired C.J. Rogers Electronics, a Southern California contract electronics manufacturer.
C.J. Rogers operated for more than 50 years under founder Carol Rogers, who is retiring. The company will operate as Xi Electronics, and the C.J. Rogers team will remain.
Xi Electronics provides SMT and through-hole PCB assembly, mixed-technology assembly, prototyping, NPI support and production manufacturing. The company plans to invest in advanced equipment, automation, quality systems and expanded manufacturing capabilities.End of article content
SEL Invests $25M to Expand West Lafayette Operations
WEST LAFAYETTE, IN – Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories will invest $25 million to expand manufacturing at its West Lafayette facility in the Purdue Discovery Park District, with completion expected in March 2027.
SEL will add SMT, electronic assembly and conformal coat production lines, bringing PCB assembly capabilities to the site. The expansion will raise recloser control production capacity by more than 35% and create about 130 jobs.
The project is part of more than $500 million SEL plans to invest in US manufacturing from 2026 to 2028, including more than $70 million for a new 305,000-sq.-ft. electronic device manufacturing facility in Moscow, ID.End of article content
Samsung to Invest $4B in Vietnam Chip Testing
THAI NGUYEN, VIETNAM – Samsung Electronics plans to invest about $4 billion in memory chip testing facilities at Yen Binh Industrial Park in northern Vietnam. The first production line is set to start in the fourth quarter of 2027, with another planned for 2028.
The facilities will perform final testing of DRAM and NAND chips packaged at Samsung’s Cheonan plant in Korea and will not make wafers. About 63% of the funding will come from reinvested profits of Samsung’s Vietnamese operations.
Separately, Samsung Electro-Mechanics plans to invest $4.7 billion in FC-BGA substrates. That total includes $2.9 billion in Sejong, Korea, targeting mass production in September 2028, and $1.7 billion in Vietnam, targeting June 2030.End of article content
Amber Subsidiary Takes Full Ownership of Ascent Circuits
BANGALORE, INDIA – IL JIN Electronics (India), a subsidiary of Amber Enterprises India, has agreed to acquire the remaining 1.5% stake in PCB maker Ascent Circuits, making Ascent a wholly owned subsidiary.
Founded in 1999, Ascent makes single-sided, double-sided, multilayer and RF PCBs for aerospace and defense, medical, automotive, telecom and data center markets. IL JIN raised its Ascent stake from 60% to 98.5% in June.End of article content
Microart Consolidates Markham Operations in Expanded Facility
MARKHAM, ON – Microart Services has consolidated its Markham operations into an expanded 100,000-sq.-ft. facility. As part of the move, Microart added SMT buffers and an additional wave-soldering system.
Microart provides electronics manufacturing services. It previously operated a 42,000-sq.-ft. main facility and a 20,000-sq.-ft. support building in Markham.End of article content
Microscreen Opens Baltimore Manufacturing Facility
BALTIMORE, MD – Microscreen has opened a manufacturing facility in Baltimore, its third US manufacturing site and its second new location this year.

The facility will produce laser-cut production and step stencils and offer MicroGlide and MicroGlide Platinum nanocoatings. Equipment includes Watt Laser Nevis and SE12 systems and a proprietary robotic nanocoating system.
READ FULL ARTICLEAmber Takes Full Control of Power-One Micro Systems
BANGALORE, INDIA – IL JIN Electronics (India), a subsidiary of Amber Enterprises India, has agreed to acquire the remaining 40% stake in Power-One Micro Systems, making it a wholly owned subsidiary.
Power-One makes solar inverters, UPS systems, battery energy storage systems and EV chargers. It joins PCB assembly and bare-board operations in Amber’s electronics business as the group moves beyond air conditioner boards into higher-value electronics.End of article content
PCD&F
Eltek received $6.8 million in follow-on PCB orders.
GlobalFoundries will build up to two new chip fabs in New York with $21 billion in Japanese funding.
Nitto Denko reopened its Tokyo innovation center.
PCB Technologies announced a $38 million engagement with a US aerospace and defense manufacturer.
Suzhou Dongshan Precision Manufacturing (M-Flex) won approval for a planned $3 billion listing in Hong Kong.
Read Full ArticleCA
Absolute EMS installed an Aqueous Technologies Zero Ion ionic contamination tester at its Silicon Valley facility.
Aurora Boardworks added Parmi SigmaX Blue 3D SPI and Xceed II 3D AOI systems to its PCB assembly operations.
Cape EMS partnered with FIC Global unit Pro3C, which plans to expand its Johor plant from 8 to 18 SMT lines.
Cyient DLM is targeting AI data center and robotics work as its next growth area.
Green Circuits installed a sixth SMT line at its San Jose facility.
Read Full Article
PCD&F
Calumet Electronics named Dr. Meredith LaBeau president and CTO.
Celestica named Robert Toohey printed circuit board design engineer.
Fabric8Labs named Jeff Mason vice president of manufacturing.
Motion Applied named Nicolas Martinez senior PCB designer.
Siemens named Keven Coates technical marketing engineer.
Read Full ArticleCA
Gradian named Hari Prasad India managing director.
Microboard promoted Hytham Gadallah to operations manager.
Micro-Precision Technologies appointed Kevin Kendrick vice president of sales.
Vergent Products promoted Chris Johnson to associate quality engineer.
ZTest Electronics named Dave Barnett president and CEO.End of article content
PCB West 2026 Conference Registration Grows 60%
PEACHTREE CITY, GA – Registration for the technical conference at the PCB West conference and exhibition held in the Silicon Valley last month grew 60% year-over-year. Overall attendance for the sold-out exhibition rose 15% from 2025.
The annual event was held Sept. 28 to Oct. 2 at the Santa Clara (CA) Convention Center. The audience of engineers and other professionals from a range of printed circuit and electronics design, fabrication, assembly and advanced packaging companies represented almost the entire US and more than 30 countries.
“This was likely the best PCB West in more than 20 years,” said Mike Buetow, president, PCEA. “We heard great reports from exhibitors about the number and quality of leads, and the energy among the conference attendees was off the charts.
Read Full ArticleCIRCUITS ASSEMBLY Announced 2026 Service Excellence Winners
PEACHTREE CITY, GA – CIRCUITS ASSEMBLY last month announced the winners of its 34th annual Service Excellence Awards (SEA). The awards, presented during a ceremony at PCB West in Santa Clara, CA, recognize electronics manufacturing services (EMS) providers and their equipment, materials, software and service suppliers for outstanding customer service.
Unlike most industry honors, the SEA program is based entirely on direct, verified feedback from each entrant’s own customers rather than editorial judging. Respondents rate participating companies across seven service dimensions: Dependability/Timely Delivery, Manufacturing Quality, Responsiveness, Technology, Value for the Price, Flexibility and Overall Satisfaction. Every entrant, whether it wins or not, receives a confidential report detailing how its customers rated it.
Read Full ArticleUpcoming PCEA PCB Design Training Classes for 2027
PEACHTREE CITY, GA – PCEA Training announced its winter and spring 2027 schedule for the Certified Professional Circuit Designer (CPCD) training and certification program.
The instructor-led classes cover the gamut of printed circuit design engineering, from layout, place and route to specifications and materials to manufacturing methods. Schematic capture, signal integrity and EMI/EMC are also part of the comprehensive program.
Classes will be held on the dates below:
- Jan. 15, 22, 29, Feb. 5, 12 (online)
- Mar. 19, Apr. 2, 9, 16, 23 (online)
- Apr. 26-30 (in person in the Boston suburbs, at PCB East)
PCEA Announces 2027-28 Board of Directors
PEACHTREE CITY, GA – PCEA in late October announced its board of directors for the 2027-28 term. Anaya Vardya, CEO of ASC Sunstone, will serve as chairman, with Matthew Leary, president of Newgrange Design, becoming vice chairman.
Doug Dixon, chief marketing officer of 360 BC Group, is now treasurer. Returning as secretary is Justin Fleming.
The board sets the strategic direction of the association, which serves the printed circuit board design, fabrication and assembly community through its publications, conferences, and training and certification programs.
Read Full ArticlePCEA Issues Call for Abstracts for PCB West 2027
PEACHTREE CITY, GA – Abstracts are now being accepted for the PCB West 2027 technical conference. The conference, the largest of its kind in Silicon Valley, focuses on training and best practices for printed circuit board designers and design engineers, electronics hardware engineers, fabricators and assemblers.
The four-day technical conference will take place September 14–17, 2027 at the Santa Clara (CA) Convention Center. The event includes a one-day exhibition on September 15.
Papers and presentations of the following durations are sought for the technical conference: one-hour lectures and presentations; two-hour workshops; and half-day (3.5-hour) and full-day seminars.
Read Full ArticleASSOCIATION NEWS
PCB East 2027 booth sales are open. The one-day exhibition will take place Apr. 28, while the four-day technical conference will take place Apr. 27 – 30. All events will be held at the DCU Center in Worcester, MA. Attendance at the PCB East 2026 conference and exhibition rose nearly 48% year-over-year. Contact Brooke Downey at brooke@pcea.net for details or visit pcbeast.com.
On Nov. 4, senior PCB design engineer and instructor Susy Webb will present “Designing the Signal Routing to Control Energy in Digital PCBs,” a 3.5-hour webinar running from 11 a.m. to 2:30 p.m. EST. To register, click here.
New Corporate Members
- Cybord
Recent Discord Chatter
Overheard on the PCEA Discord server:
- Managing net names
- Non-revision changes in Altium
- When to switch to a new UI
Want to join? Send a note to membership@pcea.net.End of article content
CHAPTER NEWS
National.
Upcoming webinars:
- Nov. 4 – “Designing the Signal Routing to Control Energy in Digital PCBs,” with Susy Webb (register here).
- Nov. 17 – Printed Circuit Board Supply Constraints: A Complete Review of the Supply Chain, with Yash Sutariya, Saturn Electronics (register here).
- Dec. 8 – “From Design to Production Reality: How AI Optimizes Your Entire BOM, Not Just One Part at a Time,” with Asaf Israelit (register here).End of article content
AI’s PCB Boom is Running Into a Capacity Wall
TAIPEI – The PCB industry’s biggest problem right now is that it can’t build fast enough. At the TPCA Show on Oct. 20, Unimicron chairman S.C. Chien gave numbers that should worry anyone planning 2027 builds. Lead times for some key equipment have stretched to as long as 30 months. More than 80% of equipment now takes longer to arrive, and over 20% is running at more than double the original lead time. Low-CTE glass cloth, copper-clad laminate and ABF are all tight, and critical materials could fall 20% short of demand in 2027.
Unimicron also warns that the scramble for AI capacity is leading customers to double-book orders. Anyone who lived through the 2021 component crunch knows how that ends. Order books look stronger than real demand, until they suddenly don’t. Zhen Ding, the world’s largest PCB maker, says it expects no near-term relief.
The demand side isn’t in doubt. AI servers, larger substrates and higher layer counts are real, and they’re profitable. The risk is in reading the signals. When lead times run longer than product cycles, and buyers order twice to be sure of getting served once, bookings stop being a clean measure of demand. Fabricators, EMS providers and OEMs will spend 2027 figuring out how much of the current backlog is real.
Quick Hits
Global silicon wafer shipments are forecast to increase 11.8% to 14,420 million square inches in 2026, with record highs expected each year through 2029, when shipments are projected to reach 17,034 MSI. (SEMI)
Global smartphone shipments fell 22% year-over-year to 255.3 million units in the third quarter, as escalating memory costs curbed consumer spending. (IDC)
EMS M&A activity rebounded to seven transactions in the third quarter following a slower second quarter, with consolidations accounting for roughly 57% of deals. (Lincoln International) (more)
Mission Back to the Future: A Plan to Revive North American Manufacturing
Revitalizing North American manufacturing will take more than rhetoric, requiring a clear mission, skilled workforce, reliable supply chains, significant investment, and decisive action.
For about a decade now, people have talked, chatted and pontificated about “reshoring.” This conversation seems to have started in the electronics industry, where companies producing the critical technologies that support virtually everything, from complex national defense systems to simple consumer devices, were becoming increasingly scarce. Soon, virtually every industry, along with government officials, began discussing the need to bring manufacturing back to North America. Yet here we are, roughly a decade later, with little real progress despite all the rhetoric.
Whatever you call it, “reshoring,” bringing manufacturing back, or something else, it requires a plan. Not just words, but a real, sustainable action plan. So, while I am not a politician, financier or multibillionaire, I have a recommendation. I call it “Mission Back to the Future.”
Briefly, my plan draws on the life experiences of a baby boomer who spent his entire career manufacturing everything from paper to the most advanced electronics. Those experiences have taught me more than a few things, often the hard way. So here goes.
Read Full Article
Material Shortages Compound CNY Manufacturing Challenges
Chinese New Year celebrations take place a month after the ball drops in Times Square. And if you don’t plan beforehand with your Asian suppliers, your hangover might last until spring.
During the first few months of the year, China shuts down for 7 to 10 days for its Spring Festival. Also known as Chinese New Year (CNY), the holiday’s timing is determined by the traditional Chinese calendar, which tracks both the phases of the moon and the sun’s position.
For 2027, standard closures will run from Feb. 5 through Feb. 12. PCB buyers who fail to plan for it will find their production schedules disrupted.

Terminology in the EMS World
One company’s first article may be another company’s NPI.
We have a bit of a communication issue in the EMS-OEM relationship, and possibly even within our own companies, particularly in the area of new product development
You may not be aware of this unless you have conducted a deep dive into the daily exchanges between your employees and customers, or taken the initiative to clarify what language (terms) you’ll use to describe the various stages of a new product and the actions that need to be taken.
Communication, or a lack thereof, is at the root of much of the dysfunction between the EMS provider and the customer. I have seen these issues throughout my time in the industry.
Read Full Article
When Parts Run Out, Make a Friend and Make Your Quarter
When the parts you need are unavailable, reach out to your close friends and associates in the electronics industry. They just might have a contact who can take care of you.
The cliché about borrowing a cup of sugar to start a relationship holds true in business too. If you found a company representative who was especially accommodating, they might be the one you turn to when you need a lot of options again, even if they didn’t get the job the first time. If they were quick to provide the cost breakdown, quantities, and turn-around times within budget, it may be time to use that second source. Critical items may need three vendors to manage inventory risks. Let’s look at an example of whatever it takes to keep the assembly line moving.
Distributors and Brokers
A few well-known electronics catalog vendors seem to set the market on commodities as they grow scarcer. Big players can tie up key components. They don’t get them all, but their order size gives industry leaders a leg up when parts are on allocation. Supply and demand according to big data. That is what the DigiKeys of the world have become.
Logistics is a huge business; nothing new about that. The evolution is towards transparency. They not only tell us whether a component is in stock, but also how many they have. We also get the lead time for parts that are currently unavailable.
Read Full Article
Scalable PCB Design: From Independent Designer to Global Enterprise
Design best practices for building engineering workflows that grow with complexity, connect disciplines, and deliver measurable business value.
We hear scalability often in engineering, usually in connection with increasing production capacity, expanding infrastructure, or supporting more users. In PCB design, however, scalability means something more fundamental: the ability to manage increasing design complexity, support more people and disciplines, preserve engineering intent, and deliver reliable products without letting the process become a bottleneck.
The challenge is that PCB design organizations rarely grow in a perfectly structured way. An independent contractor may begin with a laptop, an EDA tool, and a few trusted manufacturing partners. A small engineering business may add designers, introduce formal design reviews, and begin supporting multiple customers simultaneously. A larger organization may need to coordinate electrical, mechanical, thermal, signal integrity (SI), power integrity (PI), manufacturing, and supply chain teams across multiple locations and time zones.

De-Embedding DC: Removing Resistance Effects in Impedance Measurements
Measuring characteristic impedance on PCBs with line widths over 75 microns is fairly simple. But below 20 microns, things begin to get a little dicey.
In PCBs with traces of 75 microns or above, measuring characteristic impedance is a straightforward affair. But as dimensions drop to 20 microns or less, PCB fabricators and designers must de-embed the effect of DC resistance, which shows up as a rising reflection from the TDR measurement.
Solver and impedance measurements do correlate. Characteristic impedance is an inherent property of a transmission line, and it does not vary with length. When traces measure 75 microns and above, time-domain reflectometers (TDR) and vector network analyzers (VNA) operating in the time domain return a flat reflection over the length of the tested line, as shown in Figure 1.

Reindustrializing for the Age of AI
AI, supply chain constraints and evolving manufacturing technologies are reshaping reindustrialization efforts, highlighting the need for a forward-looking approach to rebuilding industry.
People often say that the biggest problem with computers is that they do exactly what we tell them to do, even when the result isn’t what we really want. Agentic AI now inverts that dilemma by allowing users to describe the desired result and leave the agent to calculate the best way to achieve it. Moreover, these agents can draw not only on resources within, say, a factory, but also on information from additional sources to evaluate and adapt their strategies over time as external factors change. This represents continuous improvement – a principle already deeply rooted in industrial quality-management strategies – that now operates autonomously and in real time.
AI processing can take place in the cloud or at the edge, on small, resource-constrained platforms. As factories incorporate more sensors, edge devices provide an ideal way to measure sensor readings and determine immediate responses. Processing, packaging and sending data to the cloud then provides the basis for longer-term analysis, helping identify trends and build the information sources AI agents need to optimize manufacturing and business processes.
The rapid adoption of AI in industrial edge devices such as smart sensors, PLCs, computing modules, and gateways puts the sector in competition with AI data center operators for access to resources such as high-end components, PCBs, and substrate materials. Explosive growth in the server market is diverting these resources from other sectors, and we should remember that industrial automation products account for about 20% of the global PCB market. While the sector currently represents only about 12% of the US PCB market, industrial applications account for more than 30% of European PCB production. Industrial PCBs account for about 6% of China’s total PCB production, as the country produces enormous volumes of boards, primarily for communication and computing equipment.
Read Full ArticleIPC-2581 Adoption Summit 2026: Intelligent Data Exchange Between Design Houses and Manufacturing Partners
The third annual summit at PCB West highlighted real-world adoption, industry collaboration and the next generation of intelligent PCB data exchange.
The third annual IPC-2581 Adoption Summit took place Oct. 1, 2026, at PCB West in Santa Clara, CA. It brought together OEMs, PCB fabricators, contract manufacturers and software suppliers to discuss an important question: How can the industry accelerate its transition from traditional PCB manufacturing data packages to intelligent, digital data exchange?
The discussions did not question whether IPC-2581 works. Companies already use IPC-2581 in production. Instead, participants shared experiences, discussed how to overcome adoption challenges and collaborated on innovations that can benefit the entire PCB design and manufacturing supply chain.
Representatives from leading OEMs, VGT, WUS, Dynamic Electronics, IFOUND PCB, Cadence, Aegis, Polar Instruments, Vayo and others participated. Some have used IPC-2581 for years, while others are just beginning their journey. IPC-2581 no longer serves simply as a replacement for Gerber. It is changing how the industry communicates design and manufacturing intent.
Read Full Article
Applying Lean Manufacturing Principles in a High-Mix Environment
Applying Lean manufacturing principles to high-mix electronics assembly can reduce changeover times, streamline production workflows and improve quality through standardized processes and automation.
Military, aerospace and space hardware often involves low- to medium-volume production and must meet rigorous standards. While applying Lean manufacturing principles to these environments may not yield the same productivity gains as high-volume manufacturing, selective use of Lean principles can improve factory cycle times and eliminate opportunities for defects. Additionally, Lean best practices share many similarities with established practices in the military and aerospace sectors. Axiom Electronics, an electronics manufacturing services (EMS) provider in Hillsboro, Oregon, incorporates Lean principles throughout its production floor.
One example of a parallel practice is foreign object debris (FOD) prevention. Something as simple as a loose screw can cause shorts or other damage if it rolls around inside aircraft hardware during flight. Consequently, most military and aerospace programs require FOD prevention programs. Our team combines FOD prevention and 5S to create a culture of daily cleaning, using checklists to verify that cabinets, workstations, racks, and carts remain clean and organized. Employees update shadow boards and account for all tools, verify their working condition, and confirm compliance with required calibration schedules. They also identify materials in refrigerators and on carts and check consumables against their expiration dates. The team validates adherence to electrostatic discharge (ESD) requirements and removes any material it identifies as FOD from the area. Auditors review the nonconformances that production personnel identify through their checklists to verify compliance.
In the SMT area, the team uses Lean practices to reduce changeover times and streamline first-article documentation. Each line has duplicate feeders, allowing the setup team to prepare feeder tables for the next job while the current job runs. As the previous job finishes, operators switch the tables and return the used tables to the setup team for preparation ahead of subsequent production runs.
Read Full Article
The Last Word
Eight board revisions, a vanished supplier and a combative purchasing manager turn a routine test fixture project into a costly lesson in accountability.
Herewith a case study in mistimed malediction. Last year I visited a literary exhibit in New York City with three family members. While minding our own business, enjoying the exhibit, we had an unplanned, non-literary encounter. Two of my family members, who had not seen each other in a year, were chatting, while my other family member and I were absorbed in the exhibit. Suddenly, another visitor to the exhibit started admonishing the two conversationalists for, in his opinion, speaking too loudly. Evidently, their chatter provoked involuntary dyspepsia in the listener, something he did not pay for with his admission ticket. His own concept of injustice provoked rage, and he asserted his rights as he defined them. He complained, loudly, directly, and bitterly, that he did not come to the exhibit to have his thoughts drowned out by idle chatter.
Heavens. When my relatives both begged to differ with his opinion (the term “freedom of speech” was used effusively) – politely telling him, in effect, to get lost – he responded by saying, with remarkable discernment, “Typical liberals.” By this point all four of us had abandoned hope of tranquil museum-going and were bracing for battle.
The incongruity of the situation briefly muted my relatives. You don’t expect this sort of engagement in a portrait gallery. Maybe New Yorkers are overly sensitive (I’ve heard rumors). Regardless, we regrouped, girded our loins, and focused our indignation on our antagonist, who vanished when we complained to museum security. I walked away from the incident thinking of a dozen witty comebacks; those perfect putdowns you remember in the shower, under controlled laboratory conditions, the next day, when the crisis has long passed. Add regret about timing, that I wasn’t able to respond with impact in the moment.
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Selecting Via Protection for PCB Design and Manufacturing
Selecting the right via protection method requires balancing design requirements, material properties, assembly reliability and manufacturing costs.
by Akber Roy
When applying IPC-4761 via protection in PCB design, understanding the standard’s seven protection types is only the starting point. Designers must also determine which protection method best suits a particular PCB and why. A via near a component pad may require different protection than a conventional routing via, while high-density layouts, ball grid array (BGA) patterns, via-in-pad structures and sequential lamination introduce additional requirements.
Via protection involves more than appearance. IPC-4761 identifies several practical benefits, including preventing contamination and corrosion, reducing solder migration and solder balling, improving vacuum handling and in-circuit testing, supporting planarity for subsequent dielectric processing, and preventing adhesives or encapsulants from entering vias. However, protection methods also introduce fabrication, assembly, reliability, material and cost considerations.
The appropriate method depends on board layout, circuit density, assembly processes, electrical testing requirements, operating conditions, material compatibility, manufacturing capabilities and cost. Rather than selecting the most elaborate protection method, designers should choose one that meets performance requirements while supporting consistent fabrication and assembly.
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Layout and Connector Footprint Strategies for Industrial EMC and Signal Integrity
Connector footprint design plays a critical role in electromagnetic compatibility and signal integrity, with return paths, shielding and grounding strategies helping ensure reliable performance in industrial electronics.
by Dennis Chiang
Industrial controllers, PLCs, machine vision systems and automation electronics move data through electrically noisy environments: near motor drives, contactors, welders and dense cabinets of switch-mode supplies. When fieldbus communication becomes unstable or a product fails a radiated-emissions test, the investigation usually starts at the transceiver or the cable. In many cases, the weak point is much narrower: the transition between the PCB and the external cable, the connector footprint and the centimeter of routing on either side.
Connectors are selected for pin count, current rating and mechanical fit, then dropped onto the layout as a land pattern. Electrically, that footprint is part of the transmission path.
No connector, however well made, fixes an EMC problem by itself. Failures rarely originate in a single component; they appear where PCB layout, connector interface, cable routing, shielding, grounding strategy and mechanical integration meet.
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Stackup Decisions That Prevent EMI Problems Later
A seemingly harmless low-speed feedback trace caused an 18dB emissions failure, demonstrating why stackup reviews must account for high-impedance nets and return paths.
by Ujjwal Datt Sharma
Designers make stackup decisions during the initial stages of PCB layout, but the consequences often emerge later in the electromagnetic interference (EMI) laboratory. Layer count, copper weight and component placement rank among the most expensive design elements to change after fabrication.
This article examines an early design mistake on a high-speed PCB. The engineering team evaluated the design during planning, but the board ultimately failed electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) pre-compliance testing. The root cause offers a lesson for high-speed design engineers who may overlook a fundamental principle while managing competing design and debugging tasks.
The board was a typical server-grade motherboard of the kind high-speed design engineers encounter regularly. It included a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), CPU, Ethernet switch application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), multiphase voltage regulators and low-dropout regulators (LDOs).
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Embedded Die Substrate Technology
Embedded die substrate technology combines thick copper heat spreaders, sintered silver die attach and copper microvias to improve thermal management, reduce parasitic inductance and increase switching performance in wide-bandgap power electronics.
by Chris Parker
GaN and SiC transistors switch at high speeds, enabling smaller passive components, higher power density, and improved efficiency. However, the packages, interconnects, and PCB traces surrounding these devices introduce parasitic inductance into the power loop. Even small amounts of inductance can cause voltage overshoot and limit switching performance.
Studies of conventional wire-bonded power modules report loop inductances ranging from 6.7 to 15nH. Reducing loop inductance can decrease voltage overshoot, improving efficiency and reliability. As switching speeds continue to increase, package and layout design can become limiting factors rather than the transistors themselves.
Thermal management presents a similar challenge. Traditional power modules conduct heat through multiple layers, including die attach, substrate, baseplate, thermal interface material (TIM), and heat sink. Each layer adds thermal resistance, while FR-4 circuit boards further restrict heat flow because of their low thermal conductivity.
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Manufacturing’s Next AI Wave: Notes from the Frontier
See how the emerging AI manufacturing landscape could transform electronics manufacturing operations through intelligent automation, data integration, and decision-making tools.
by Shirin Khanna
I’ve spent the last few months talking with founders building AI for manufacturing, from pre-seed teams to growth-stage companies. As an operator at a contract electronics manufacturer, I wanted to understand where AI moves the needle on the shop floor and on the P&L. I came away with a clear view: This is one of the most underrated spaces in AI right now, and the next wave will look very different from the current one.
Most conversations about AI in manufacturing today focus on robots. Robotics startups pulled in over $10 billion in venture capital in 2025. Mind Robotics, a Rivian spinout, crossed $1 billion in cumulative funding inside a year.
Robots are easy to film and easy to fund. That’s why they get the headlines.
For most operators, though, robots represent only part of the manufacturing AI landscape. The other part lives in supplier inboxes, RFQ spreadsheets, bills of materials (BoMs) with 300 line items, ERP screens, CAD files, and shop-floor dashboards. That’s the part I want to talk about.
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The Electron: A Biography, Part 2: From the Vacuum Tube to the Data Center
From early radio and television assembly to surface mount technology and AI data centers, the evolution of electronics manufacturing reveals how innovation, miniaturization and automation have transformed the industry.
by Ronald C. Lasky, Ph.D.
Last time (with a lot of help from my student researcher Rishaan Nalwar), I left off with a bit of an irony: engineers had been soldering telegraph wires, running telephone lines and lighting up entire cities with electrons for the better part of eighty years before physicists like J. J. Thomson and Robert Millikan actually proved what an electron was. Science had finally caught up with engineering. Now it was time to put this newly confirmed little particle to work in a whole new way.
As electric lights and appliances became more common, radio was emerging. Initially, hobbyists used lead sulfide (galena) crystals to catch weak radio signals drifting through the air. The crystal needed no amplification, but the signal was so faint that you needed headphones pressed right to your ear to hear anything at all. Lee de Forest’s triode vacuum tube, shown in Figure 1, changed everything: those whisper-quiet signals could now be amplified enough to drive a speaker, and the whole family could gather around and listen together. Surprisingly, radio did not take off overnight. It took nearly a decade for anyone to realize that advertising, not subscriptions, would pay for it all.

PCD&F
AMD Ross Agentic AI Assistant
Ross agentic AI assistant supports embedded system development from architecture through deployment, including PCB design, schematic review, hardware optimization, debugging, embedded software and edge AI implementation. Integrates with AMD Embedded development tools for FPGAs, adaptive SoCs and x86 processors. Features natural-language interaction, reusable engineering workflows, expert-developed agent skills and an AMD Knowledge Base. Uses Model Context Protocol (MCP) servers and AMD-validated vector databases to execute commands, analyze timing, optimize high-level synthesis and support hardware-software partitioning. Supports multiple large language models, integrated development environments and command-line tools. For embedded system design, PCB layout review and edge AI development.
AMD

Hirose FX36 Series Floating Board-to-Board Connector
FX36 Series floating board-to-board connector features a 0.5mm pitch for high-density PCB layouts. Part of the FunctionMAX family, withstands temperatures up to 125°C and accommodates misalignment of ±0.7mm in the X and Y directions and ±0.5mm in the Z direction. Floating structure absorbs up to 0.05mm of vibration amplitude in the Z direction, while a two-point contact design supports electrical connections under vibration. Supports compact board layouts and automated assembly. For battery electric vehicle (BEV) and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) powertrain systems, including multifunctional X-in-1 units.
Hirose Electric
CA
Greatwall GW-TO70WV12 Open Frame Power Supply
GW-TO70WV12 open frame power supply delivers 70W of output power and a regulated 12VDC output. Supports input voltages of 90–290VAC or 192–288VDC for operation across varying power environments. Open frame construction permits integration into compact equipment enclosures while accommodating system-level airflow and thermal management. Designed for continuous-duty operation and carries CCC, CB and CE safety certifications. For embedded systems, industrial controls, communications equipment, monitoring devices and other OEM electronics requiring internal 12V power delivery.
Greatwall

Keysight Velocity 4900 Series Automation Switches
Velocity 4900 Series Layer 1 automation switches provide software-controlled physical connectivity and automated testbed configuration. Velocity 4902 supports Ethernet speeds from 100Mbps to 100Gbps and features 72 QSFP28 ports for up to 288 connections with breakouts. Velocity 4906 provides 288 SFP28 ports supporting 100Mbps to 25Gbps. Both models feature low-latency Layer 1 switching and support single-mode and multimode fiber, direct-attach copper and active optical cables. Include per-port speed and media configuration, port tapping and one-to-many traffic replication. Integrate with Keysight Velocity software for resource reservation, lab orchestration and automated testing. For AI, 6G and next-generation network validation.
Keysight Technologies
In Case You Missed It
Additive Manufacturing
“Ultrafast Laser Direct Writing of Highly Conductive Copper Micropatterns”
Authors: S.Y. Xue, et al.
Abstract: Copper (Cu) interconnects are fundamental to advanced optoelectronic systems. Femtosecond laser direct writing (FsLDW) employing particle-free Cu ion inks provides a compelling “cold processing” approach; however, it frequently results in porous, high-resistivity structures caused by disordered grain growth and solvent-induced micro-explosions. Here, the authors report a high-precision FsLDW strategy utilizing a specifically formulated metal-organic complex ink. By decreasing the reduction energy barrier and regulating crystallization via a composite amine complex, combined with a pre-baking step to suppress micro-explosions, the authors achieve Cu micropatterns with a highly dense surface morphology under ambient conditions. The resulting structures demonstrate a minimum resistivity of 9.34μΩ·cm (approximately 5.5 times that of bulk Cu) while maintaining sub-10μm linewidths. Moreover, this method exhibits broad processing adaptability and substrate compatibility, facilitating reliable metallization on flexible substrates, macroscopic wafers and curved surfaces. The fabricated Cu interconnects function as stable signal and power transmission pathways within a fully FsLDW-patterned UV photodetector. This study establishes a practical route for deploying high-performance conductive networks in advanced electronic systems. (Opto-Electronic Manufacturing, vol. 1, article 260002, 2026, https://doi.org/10.29026/oem.2026.260002)
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